Bearberry (kinnikinnick).
The undersurface of the leaf is pale-green and veiny. The berry tends to be more orange in colour than lingonberry. The berry is edible but mealy and tasteless which is the best test to differentiate from lingonberry. Years ago, I once made a whole bannock containing what I thought was lingonberry, but had to discard it after the first mouthful of what proved to be bearberry instead. The berry does have food value but is best added to a meat dish such as stew or sausage.
Lingonberry
(Bog cranberry, lowbush cranberry, partridge berry in Newfoundland)
The undersurface of the leaf is cream-coloured with small dark dots. The best test is to taste a berry. The berry is red in colour and quite tasty but acidic and somewhat sour. Very good added to pancakes or bannock, or as a side dish with a meal.
Bilberry
Tastes similar to blueberry. In the country I frequent, these berries tend to be sparse so I eat them when found.
Bunchberry
A mild flavour, with crunchy edible seeds. I eat these berries as a change to blueberries, or as an alternative when blueberries are scarce.
Cloudberry ("bakeapple" in Newfoundland)
The yellow ripest berries are very soft and taste quite different from the hard crunchy reddish berries. I typically eat them when found, usually single scattered berries, but sometimes very numerous. I have eaten many handfuls when finding a good patch on moss in a muskeg shaded with black spruce trees.
Crowberry
Juicy with a somewhat bitter taste.
Red currant
Very good added to pancakes or bannock, or as a side dish with a meal.
Northern comandra (northern bastard toadflax)
Edible but mealy and tasteless.
Juniper
The blue berry-like bitter-tasting cones can be used in moderation to season meat.
Raspberry
Rosehip
Good eaten raw, with or without the seeds.
Sweet gale (bog-myrtle)
Found along lake shores, the spring catkins which appear before leaves and the autumn fruits can be used as a spice similar to sage.
Willow
Willow buds, catkins and leaves are good as a salad. Willow contains salicin, related to acetylsalicylic acid (ASA, Aspirin™), so to be avoided if allergic.
Blueberry fingers.
I ate over 70 cups of blueberries this year, most as a side dish with supper. While walking back on a portage trail for the next load I would eat many handfuls. Later in the season, the berries were quite soft and stained fingers and lips. In October, with freezing nights, the berries tasted like ice-cream.